These diseases affect your digestive tract, and the viruses responsible for the infection are contagious and commonly lead to a condition known as gastroenteritis (stomach flu).
Examples of gastrointestinal viral diseases are:
Rotavirus infection
Astrovirus infection
Norovirus infection
Some adenovirus infection
Clinical Manifestation:
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Transmission
During the bowel movement, gastrointestinal viruses are shed in the fecal matter. Food or water polluted by stool can transmit the viruses to other people. If a person shares utensils or personal items with anyone with a viral infection can also get caught by the virus.
Treatment
There is no treatment for gastrointestinal viral infection as, in various cases, they heal on their own in 2 -3 days only. A person should drink plenty of fluids to restore the loss that occurred due to vomiting and Diarrhea.
Prevention
These infections can be prevented by proper handwashing, especially after using the bathroom.
Wipe down the contaminated areas and avoid sharing personal items and utensils.
A vaccine for rotavirus is available and mentioned in the child's immunization schedule.
Username: Information Published on 2024-12-29 12:05:19 ID NUMBER: 127972
Respiratory viral diseases are infectious. It generally infects the upper and lower parts of a person's respiratory tract.
Examples of respiratory diseases are:
Flu
Respiratory syncytial virus infection
Common cold
Parainfluenza virus infection
Adenovirus infection
SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)
Clinical Manifestation:
Runny or stuffy nose
Fever
Coughing or sneezing
Body aches
Transmission:
Respiratory viruses are transmitted via droplet infection (coughing or sneezing). A person may catch the infection if any person with viral infection sneezes or coughs near them, and unknowingly they inhale these droplets. Contaminated Objects, like tabletops, doorknobs, and one's own daily use items, can also transmit viruses if we use them and then touch our eyes or nose.
Treatment
These types of viral diseases cure on their own. But OTC (over-the-counter) drugs such as decongestants, antitussives, and analgesics help to lessen the symptoms.
Additionally, Tamiflu is an antiviral medicine that is recommended for a person suffering from the flu.
Precautions:
Maintaining good personal hygiene is the best way to prevent respiratory viral diseases
Wash hands frequently and cover your mouth while you're coughing or sneezing
To avoid interactions with the person showing symptoms of respiratory diseases
Hemorrhagic viral diseases are serious conditions where a person's circulatory system is damaged.
Examples of hemorrhagic viral diseases are:
Dengue fever
Marburg hemorrhagic fever
Yellow fever
Ebola
Crimean- Congo hemorrhagic fever
Lassa fever
Clinical Manifestation:
Weakness
High fever
Bleeding in internal organs
Bleeding under the skin
Body aches
Bleeding from the mouth or ears
Transmission:
Diseases like dengue and yellow fever are transmitted from a bite of infected insects, whereas diseases like Ebola are spread to a person when he comes in contact with the blood and body fluid of an infected person. Dried feces and urine of a rodent containing viruses cause Lassa fever when inhaled or consumed by someone unknowingly.
Treatment:
However, there is no exact regimen and cure for hemorrhagic viral diseases.
Keeping the body hydrated is very important for a person suffering from these infections, and sometimes IV (intravenous) fluids are recommended to a patient for maintaining fluid-electrolyte balance. In some cases, ribavarin, an antiviral drug, is prescribed.
Precautions:
People living or working in an area where these diseases are common can adopt the following preventions to decrease the risk:
Always wear protective clothing and use insect repellent. Try not to get bitten by insects such as ticks and mosquitoes
Protect yourself from viral infection while being in contact with an infected person by wearing proper protection like a face shield, gloves, and glasses.
Keep food covered, dispose garbage regularly, and keep doors and windows secure to prevent rodent infestation.
Researchers are continuously working to develop vaccines for various hemorrhagic viruses. Recently, the vaccine for yellow fever has been provided to people moving or visiting areas where this disease is common.
These diseases affect your digestive tract, and the viruses responsible for the infection are contagious and commonly lead to a condition known as gastroenteritis (stomach flu).
Examples of gastrointestinal viral diseases are:
Rotavirus infection
Astrovirus infection
Norovirus infection
Some adenovirus infection
Clinical Manifestation:
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Transmission
During the bowel movement, gastrointestinal viruses are shed in the fecal matter. Food or water polluted by stool can transmit the viruses to other people. If a person shares utensils or personal items with anyone with a viral infection can also get caught by the virus.
Treatment
There is no treatment for gastrointestinal viral infection as, in various cases, they heal on their own in 2 -3 days only. A person should drink plenty of fluids to restore the loss that occurred due to vomiting and Diarrhea.
Prevention
These infections can be prevented by proper handwashing, especially after using the bathroom.
Wipe down the contaminated areas and avoid sharing personal items and utensils.
A vaccine for rotavirus is available and mentioned in the child's immunization schedule.
Inflammation of the liver, basically known as viral hepatitis, is a serious medical condition caused by hepatic viral diseases. Hepatitis A, B, and C are some of the most common types of viral hepatitis.
It is worth bearing in mind that infection caused by viruses like the yellow fever virus and cytomegalovirus may create certain complications to the liver.
Examples of hepatic viral diseases are:
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D
Hepatitis E
Clinical Manifestation
Fever
Loss of appetite
Abdominal pain
Jaundice, yellowing of your skin and eyes
Fatigue
Nausea and/or vomiting
Clay-colored bowel movements
Dark urine
Joint pain
Transmission
Hepatitis B and C can be spread from one individual to another through body fluids, for instance, transfusion of blood. Also, sharing personal items such as razors and needles that came into contact with blood transfers the virus. Hepatitis B also spreads by maintaining sexual contact with an infected person, and if someone already has hepatitis B can develop hepatitis D in the future. Consumption of food and water polluted by feces from someone having a virus can cause hepatitis A and E.
Treatment
Hepatitis B, C, and D are treated by managing the clinical signs and symptoms. Medications like antiviral drugs are recommended by the physician.
Hepatitis A and E are treated by taking supportive measures like saying no to alcohol, drinking plenty of fluids, and taking proper rest and sleep.
Prevention
Vaccines are available for both hepatitis A and hepatitis B.
Some other precautions to prevent viral hepatitis are:
Do not share razors or needles
Practice safe sex
Do not consume food and drinks that may be contaminated by feces
Some viruses infect the brain and tissues surrounding it, which leads to neurologic viral diseases.
Examples of neurologic viral diseases are:
Viral meningitis
Rabies
Polio
Viral encephalitis
Clinical Manifestation
Confusion
Seizures
Fever
Drowsiness
Coordination problems
Transmission
Various neurological viruses transmit after getting bitten by an infected animal or bugs, like ticks and mosquitoes.
While viruses like poliovirus and enterovirus are communicable and transmitted when an individual comes in close contact with a person with a virus. These viruses can also get spread through contaminated items.
Treatment
There is no particular treatment available for a person with mild meningitis or encephalitis. Having OTC anti-inflammatories, taking proper rest, and drinking plenty of water helps to relieve the pain or headaches. In certain cases, physicians may recommend taking antiviral medication.
Person suffering from polio or serious viral meningitis or encephalitis may need further medical assistance like breathing assistance and intravenous fluids.
If any animal bites someone and is under suspicion to have rabies, a series of shots will be administered to the person, which will prevent the rabies virus from spreading in the body.
Prevention
Maintaining good hygiene
Try to avoid close contact with the person having the virus
Preventing ourselves from getting bitten by the insects
Keep your pets vaccinated to decrease the spread of rabies and also stay away from wild animals
Get a vaccine for both poliovirus and mumps virus
Lesions and papules form on the skin because of cutaneous viral diseases. In the majority of cases, lesions remain on the skin for a long period of time or reappear again after disappearing for a short time.
Examples of cutaneous viral diseases are:
Oral herpes
Molluscum contagiosum
Warts, including genital warts
Genital herpes
Transmission
These viruses are transferable and generally spread through close contact with a person having a virus. Touching or using objects such as towels or faucet handles that are contaminated by the virus can cause the infection.
Treatment
Warts or molluscum contagiosum form papules that heal on their own. A simple-in-office procedure like cryotherapy can also be done to remove the papules.
Antiviral drugs such as acyclovir are prescribed by the doctor to reduce or prevent outbreaks.
Prevention
Maintaining a good hygiene routine
Avoid sharing personal items
Close contact with the person having active lesions should be avoided to lessen the risk of developing the infection.
Exanthematous virus diseases give rise to skin rashes, and most of them lead to other added symptoms too. The majority of the viruses in this classification are extremely communicable.
Examples of exanthematous virus diseases are:
Rubella
Smallpox
Chikungunya virus infection
Roseola
Measles
Fifth disease
Clinical Manifestation
Pink-to-red spots or bumps on the trunk, legs, and arms
A rash may be itchy
Fatigue
Fever
Loss of appetite
Pain
Irritability
Transmission
These viruses transmit through the droplets from the sneeze or cough of an infected person.
Virus diseases like smallpox and chickenpox spread when a person comes into contact with fluid in broken derm lesions.
People suffering from chickenpox develop shingles eventually as it is a regeneration of the virus 'varicella- zoster' that has been resting in the body's cell.
Chikungunya virus transmitted via mosquito bite is a non-communicable disease that cannot be spread from one person to another.
Treatment
Treatment of these diseases targets managing the clinical manifestation. Medications like acetaminophen help to reduce fever and some other distressing symptoms.
The person having chickenpox or shingles infections is recommended to take antivirals medications like acyclovir.
Prevention
Vaccines for measles, chickenpox, smallpox, and shingles are available. The risk of developing chikungunya virus infection can be prevented by protecting against mosquito bites.
Conclusion
There are several virus diseases, such as stomach flu or the common cold, that are minor and go away on their own in a few days only. However, some are very serious.
Basically, virus diseases don't respond to antibiotics, and their treatment generally focuses on the management of their clinical manifestation. One can support their immune system by taking proper rest and sleep, maintaining good hygiene, taking a balanced diet, and keeping the body hydrated.
These diseases affect your digestive tract, and the viruses responsible for the infection are contagious and commonly lead to a condition known as gastroenteritis (stomach flu).
Examples of gastrointestinal viral diseases are:
Rotavirus infection
Astrovirus infection
Norovirus infection
Some adenovirus infection
Clinical Manifestation:
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Transmission
During the bowel movement, gastrointestinal viruses are shed in the fecal matter. Food or water polluted by stool can transmit the viruses to other people. If a person shares utensils or personal items with anyone with a viral infection can also get caught by the virus.
Treatment
There is no treatment for gastrointestinal viral infection as, in various cases, they heal on their own in 2 -3 days only. A person should drink plenty of fluids to restore the loss that occurred due to vomiting and Diarrhea.
Prevention
These infections can be prevented by proper handwashing, especially after using the bathroom.
Wipe down the contaminated areas and avoid sharing personal items and utensils.
A vaccine for rotavirus is available and mentioned in the child's immunization schedule.
These diseases affect your digestive tract, and the viruses responsible for the infection are contagious and commonly lead to a condition known as gastroenteritis (stomach flu).
Examples of gastrointestinal viral diseases are:
Rotavirus infection
Astrovirus infection
Norovirus infection
Some adenovirus infection
Clinical Manifestation:
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Transmission
During the bowel movement, gastrointestinal viruses are shed in the fecal matter. Food or water polluted by stool can transmit the viruses to other people. If a person shares utensils or personal items with anyone with a viral infection can also get caught by the virus.
Treatment
There is no treatment for gastrointestinal viral infection as, in various cases, they heal on their own in 2 -3 days only. A person should drink plenty of fluids to restore the loss that occurred due to vomiting and Diarrhea.
Prevention
These infections can be prevented by proper handwashing, especially after using the bathroom.
Wipe down the contaminated areas and avoid sharing personal items and utensils.
A vaccine for rotavirus is available and mentioned in the child's immunization schedule.
