The Indian Crested Porcupine is a nocturnal mammal in southern Asia and the Middle East. It has long, thin quills on its head and back, which it raises when threatened. Moreover, it can adapt well to various environments, including rocky hillsides and sandy deserts.
During the day, the Indian Crested Porcupine stays in its burrow. Then, it ventures out at night to forage. The porcupine feeds on roots, fruits, and crops. It also gathers bones to supplement its diet with essential minerals.
A study on Indian Crested Porcupine's quills reveals the development of antibacterial keratin microparticles1. These microparticles enhance pharmacological action against harmful bacteria, like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, showing up to a 55% improvement when coated with lipids from the same quills. This groundbreaking study demonstrates potential use in clinical applications.
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The North American Porcupine, or Canadian Porcupine, is the largest porcupine species in North America. It is distributed across various habitats and can reach three feet with tails up to a foot long.
It has around 30,000 barbed, hollow quills embedded into its skin or hair and can easily detach from the porcupine's body. Additionally, North American Porcupines feed on various vegetation, making it a nuisance to foresters. Predators like the North American golden eagles also hunt them.
One peculiar habit of the porcupine is self-anointing, which involves creating a paste and meticulously applying it to its quills. Scientists still do not know the reason behind this behavior.
The Brazilian Porcupine is a highly adaptable creature found in various habitats in South America. It sports short, thick, whitish, or yellowish spines, darker hair, and a gray underside. Its fleshy lips and nose complement its prehensile tail, which curls upward to grip tree branches.
This nocturnal animal spends most of its time high up in tree canopies, using its prehensile tail to climb quickly. Moreover, the Brazilian Porcupine raises and shakes its quills and may drive its sharp quills into their predators’ skin. These New World porcupines eat bark, leaves, and fruits, particularly mangoes and avocados.
The Bristle-spined Porcupine is an arboreal rodent from the Atlantic forests of Eastern Brazil. Its key identifying feature is the unique texture of the spines on its back, which feel more like bristles than traditional spines.
Its unique anatomy has special traits like a bony ring around the eye socket and unusually narrow incisors. This rodent exhibits a mix of cranial features seen in other rodents, creating a distinct profile.
Unfortunately, Bristle-spined Porcupines are vulnerable species. Only 17% of their natural habitat remains intact. Forest fragmentation and habitat quality decline are also contributors.
The Thin-spined Porcupine lives in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, spending its daylight hours in hollows. It is primarily nocturnal and feeds on leaves; cecropia tree foliage is a favorite. It faces various predators, including wild cats, large birds of prey, and humans who hunt it for its meat and spines.
They are primarily brown or grey, boasting bristle-like hairs rather than typical spines. However, the head, neck, and forelimbs feature less pliable spiky hairs. Their feet and tail exhibit a dark brown or black hue.
Moreover, their breeding season is not specific. Female porcupines give birth to one offspring after a gestation period of around 210 days.
The Streaked Dwarf Porcupine is a New World porcupine discovered in Ecuador and Peru in 2001. This porcupine type stands out due to its long tail, almost hairless adult body, darker quill tips, and three-colored barbed hairs. Its belly is unusually spiky and bears a unique set of skull features.
The Roosmalen's Dwarf Porcupine inhabits the southern Amazon rainforest in Brazil. Dutch botanist and ecologist Marc van Roosmalen discovered it in 2001.
Roosmalen's Dwarf Porcupine is smaller than other porcupine species, weighing only about 2 pounds as an adult. Its shorter quills are less dense and have bands of black and white. Additionally, its prehensile tails help it navigate through dense trees.
This nocturnal species spends its days in the safety of hollow trees or burrows. It ventures out at night to forage for food. Its diet consists of leaves, fruits, and bark, with a preference for certain palm fruits.
Their reproduction is slow, and they give birth only to a single offspring after a gestation period of about seven months.
The Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf Porcupine lives in the rainforests of Colombia and Venezuela. It has a black tail with dense and short quills, which it uses for defense. It has a prehensile tail and spends its days in the safety of the tree canopy.
This porcupine also feeds on leaves, fruits, and small branches and gives birth to a single offspring after carrying it for about 202 days.
The Mexican Hairy Dwarf Porcupine is a nocturnal creature found in the rainforests of Mexico. It has a light-colored head that contrasts with its dark body. It is covered in short, yellowish quills hidden by long black fur.
Sometimes, spines peek through the fur on its back and shoulders. Its hairless head showcases the yellowish quills. It has a pink, wide, round nose and small eyes. Moreover, its spiny prehensile tail is wide at the base and narrow at the end.
These quills function as a security system; the porcupine can puff them up to transform into a spiky ball when threatened. The Mexican Hairy Dwarf Porcupine primarily feeds on fruits, leaves, and bark and occasionally consumes small insects and roots.
The Brown Hairy Dwarf Porcupine lives in the thick forests of Colombia. It prefers to avoid the forest floor.
This porcupine has soft, long spines and a shorter tail than its relatives. The tail helps the porcupine navigate the tree branches, where it spends most of its time.
Moreover, it comes out at night to search for food, including the leaves, fruits, and small branches of the Cecropia tree.
When threatened, the porcupine fluffs up its quills to appear bigger and scarier, accompanied by whistles, grunts, and shrieks.
The Bahia Hairy Dwarf Porcupine measures about 24 inches long, not counting the tail. It also has short, dense spines hidden beneath coarse, brown hair.
It is a nocturnal animal that feeds on leaves, fruits, and bark; it forages alone for food and shelter but seeks companionship only during the mating season.
The species wards off potential threats by raising its quills and rattling when threatened. Moreover, it disperses seeds around the forest floor, contributing to the biodiversity of Brazil's lush forests.
The Stump-tailed Porcupine lives in the tropical rainforests of South America. Its short, stubby tail serves as a sensitive touch organ and a balance aid.
Moreover, it rests in tree hollows or burrows during the day and forages for food at night. It eats leaves, fruits, bark, roots, and insects and communicates with various sounds.
The Andean Porcupine lives in the forests of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It showcases a large pink nose and tiny eyes. Its body is covered in dark spines with yellowish tips distributed evenly around the midsection.
Moreover, it has a prehensile tail that narrows from a wider base. Unlike the hairy Mexican dwarf porcupine, the Andean porcupines are more spiny.
It feeds on leaves, fruits, bark, insects, and bird eggs, controlling vegetation and supporting the food chain in its ecosystem. However, the porcupine's reproductive habits and population trends are not well-known, which makes them an intriguing subject for scientists.
The Bicolor-spined Porcupine is a nocturnal mammal native to the rainforests of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. It has a dense coat of yellow-based, black-tipped spines that darken on its mid-back. Its primarily spine-free tail is fully prehensile, aiding in maneuverability.
It communicates using various sounds and primarily feeds on leaves, fruits, and bark, supplementing its diet with roots, stems, and insects.
After a gestation period of around 200 days, the female gives birth to a single offspring, which initially has soft quills that harden within a few days.
Long-tailed porcupines, indigenous to regions such as Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia, resemble rats. They boast black or brown coloration, contrasting with white underbodies. Short, dark brown spines with white bases blanket their bodies, excluding their heads and underbelly.
Among their defensive mechanisms, they shed their tails when seized by predators, but these tails do not regenerate. Their broad paws enable adept tree climbing, which is useful when foraging for food.
Primarily herbivores, they consume various plant materials, including leaves, wood, roots, and bark. Occasionally, they also ingest insects and other arthropods. Notably, their role as food hoarders aids in seed dispersal.
The North African Crested Porcupine is one of the largest rodents in the world. Its black or brown body is covered with porcupine quills that can reach up to 14 inches. It prefers rocky terrain, where it spends most of the day in complex burrows.
While generally peaceful, the Crested Porcupine will fight back when it perceives an immediate threat.
The Indian Crested Porcupine is a nocturnal mammal in southern Asia and the Middle East. It has long, thin quills on its head and back, which it raises when threatened. Moreover, it can adapt well to various environments, including rocky hillsides and sandy deserts.
During the day, the Indian Crested Porcupine stays in its burrow. Then, it ventures out at night to forage. The porcupine feeds on roots, fruits, and crops. It also gathers bones to supplement its diet with essential minerals.
A study on Indian Crested Porcupine's quills reveals the development of antibacterial keratin microparticles1. These microparticles enhance pharmacological action against harmful bacteria, like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, showing up to a 55% improvement when coated with lipids from the same quills. This groundbreaking study demonstrates potential use in clinical applications.
The Malayan Porcupine lives in the dense forests of Southeast Asia. During the day, it hides in the root networks of trees, termite mounds, or rocky crevices. At night, it emerges to feed on roots, bark, and fallen fruits.
Moreover, the Malayan Porcupine's most distinctive feature is its coat of sharp, dark quills that stand on end when it senses danger. It also occasionally preys on insects or small vertebrates.
The Cape Porcupine has black quills with white or yellowish stripes, a crucial defense mechanism. It lives in a wide range of habitats across Africa.
While primarily an herbivore, Cape Porcupines also gnaw on bones to supplement their diet with calcium. They are also good swimmers and climbers.
The Philippine porcupine, also known as the Palawan porcupine, is a distinctive creature native to the island of Palawan in the Philippines. Its habitat is commonly a blend of secondary forest and grassland, with some residing in lowland primary and secondary forests.
IUCN gave Philippine Porcupines vulnerable status2. Over the coming 22 years, its population is projected to decrease by more than 30%. Forest loss and its rampant use in pet and bushmeat trade are significant factors accelerating this decline.
The African brush-tailed porcupine (Atherurus africanus) is a species of rat-like Old World porcupine, indigenous to a broad belt of Africa ranging from Guinea on the west coast to Kenya on the east. This is a common species with a very wide range, and despite it being used extensively for bushmeat, the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".[1]
The Indian Crested Porcupine is a nocturnal mammal in southern Asia and the Middle East. It has long, thin quills on its head and back, which it raises when threatened. Moreover, it can adapt well to various environments, including rocky hillsides and sandy deserts.
During the day, the Indian Crested Porcupine stays in its burrow. Then, it ventures out at night to forage. The porcupine feeds on roots, fruits, and crops. It also gathers bones to supplement its diet with essential minerals.
A study on Indian Crested Porcupine's quills reveals the development of antibacterial keratin microparticles1. These microparticles enhance pharmacological action against harmful bacteria, like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, showing up to a 55% improvement when coated with lipids from the same quills. This groundbreaking study demonstrates potential use in clinical applications.
Nestled between the mighty Brahmaputra River’s ever-shifting sandbanks, Majuli is the world’s largest deltaic island.Every monsoon, the roaring Brahmaputra takes great bites out of the island, swallowing many homes. Despite being ravaged by nature, Majuli, India’s first island district, flaunts a vibrant culture and unparalleled scenic beauty. Here are some mesmerising images of this idyllic locale.
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The Congress Party is the common name for the Indian National Congress. It is one of the world's oldest political parties. It was established in 1885. After independence, it played a significant role in Indian politics at national and state levels. Under Nehru's leadership, the party attempted to establish a contemporary secular democratic republic in India. It ruled until 1977, again from 1980 to 1989, although its popularity declined eventually. The party is pro-secularism and aims to welfare marginalized groups and minorities. It is a humane supporter of new economic changes. In the 2004 elections, it emerged as the single largest party with 145 seats, and it now serves as the center's opposition.
Mamata Banerjee launched the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC) on January 1, 1998. Banerjee, who had been a member of the Congress party for over 26 years, created her party in West Bengal and was given the unique emblem of the party, the 'Jora ghas phul.' During the 2011 Assembly elections in West Bengal, the TMC's 'Ma Mati Manush' slogan, which translates as 'Mother, Motherland, and People' given by Mamata Banerjee, became extremely popular. In West Bengal's 2016 Assembly election, people handed the Trinamool Congress a second opportunity with a large mandate. The TMC's success in traditional left-wing strongholds rendered the Left Front almost irrelevant in state politics.
The Communist Party of India (CPI) is an Indian national political party. CPI was formed in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, in late 1925. Its headquarter is in New Delhi. The CPI's main aim was to develop a movement that blended militant anti-imperialist patriotism with internationalism, similar to Gandhi Ji's and the Indian National Congress's nonviolent civil disobedience (satyagraha) campaigns. Manabendra Nath Roy presented a manifesto in Tashkent (now Uzbekistan) in 1920, forming a communist party in India. After India's independence in 1947, the CPI gained support and followers rapidly.
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPIM, is India's most well-known national political party. It is a political party based on the left ideology with a communist philosophy. The communist philosophy was written by Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin that promoted social justice, equality, and a stateless and classless society. CPIM claims to be an Indian working-class political party fighting for the rights of workers, peasants, and others. The Communist Party of India (CPI) split up in 1964, and its members founded the CPIM. As part of communist party coalitions, the CPIM established a significant presence in West Bengal, Tripura, and Kerala.
AIADMK is India's Tamil Nadu-based regional political party. The AIADMK is centered on the idea of safeguarding the Tamil people's interests in India and Sri Lanka. It was founded in 1972 by MGR, a south Indian superstar who left the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). MGR, president of the AIADMK, was elected as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu in 1977 and served for ten years, gaining the hearts and minds of the people. Later, the party's supremo, Jayalalithaa, took over the reins and helped it grow into a significant power in the state.
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Pratima Bhoumik is an Indian politician and a member of Parliament for Lok Sabha from the West Tripura constituency. She is also a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party and was inducted into the present chief minister of Tripura Shri Biplab Kumar Deb's team in January 2016 as State General Secretary.Wikipedia
Born: 28 May 1969 (age 50 years)
Office: Member of the Lok Sabha since 2019
Party: Bharatiya Janata Party. BJP
India Cements Limited is one of the well-known cement companies in South India. S. N. N. Sankaralinga Iyer was the founder of this company, and he founded this company in 1946. Today, a well-known personality and former chairman of the International Cricket Council, Mr. N. Srinivasan, heads this company. Moreover, in the year 1949, in Thalaiyuthu (Tamil Nadu), the first plant of India Cements Limited was set up, and today headquarters of this company is in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
It has more than 10 cement manufacturing factories all over India but mainly in states like Telangana, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh. Apart from this, it also has grinding units in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. India Cements also owns many other cement brands like Raasi Gold, Sankar Cement, and Coramandel cement.
Mycem cement has only one goal: to give the best cement quality to its customers and become the number one cement company in India. This company was established in 1958, and its headquarter is in Gurugram. Moreover, this company is a subsidiary of well-known multinational building materials company HeidelbergCement. This company is also a very popular cement company in India. When this company entered India, it had only the capacity to produce cement equal to or less than 3 million tons, but today it can produce 6.26 million tonnes of cement per year. Today cement of this company is sold in more than 12 states of India.
Samosa is the king of all the Indian snacks among the people of India. It is popular in almost every part of India. All the family gatherings, kitty parties, and specially monsoons are incomplete without this snack delight.
Although a lot of variety has come in the samosa like chocolate samosa, noodle samosa, cheese samosa, chole samosa, keema samosa, etc. Butthe most traditional is AalooSamosa. The outer or covering part of samosa ismade up by RefinedFlour or Maida.
Some boiled and properly mashed potatoes with salt, peas, and other spices are used as a filling of samosa.
It is served with sweet and green chutney. The green chutney is made of coriander and sweet chutney is prepared with tamarind and jaggery.Chai and samosa is also the best combination ever.
