Subhash Chandra Bose was born in Cuttack, Odisha, and was from a well-educated family. It was January 23, 1897, when Subhash Chandra Bose was born. We Indians know him by one more name, which is very popular, i.e., Netaji. His father's name was Janakinath Bose, and he was a professional lawyer, whereas his mother's name was Prabhavati Devi. His mother was a very religious woman, and this part played a very significant role in the upbringing of Netaji.
He was a bright student since his childhood and completed his graduation from Calcutta University. The teachings of Swami Vivekananda and Mahatma Gandhi influenced him a lot. In 1921, Netaji joined Indian National Congress, too, as he was deeply influenced by Mahatma Gandhi then. After some time, he became a very important and effective leader of the Indian National Congress.
Bose believed that India should fight for its independence even if it had to choose force and violence against the British. But, thoughts of Gandhi were exactly the opposite of it; he was not a supporter of violence and believed that independence could be achieved without violence. This non-violent approach of Gandhi to get freedom was criticized by Bose.
Bose chose his path, formed the All India Forward Bloc in 1939, and started his attempts to make Indian National Army (INA) so that he could fight against the Britishers and throw them out of India. During World War II, he allied with the Japanese and led the INA in battles against the British in Burma and Northeast India.
Despite his efforts for the Indian independence movement, Bose's life was cut short. On August 18, 1945, Bose died in a plane crash in Taipei, Taiwan. However, many conspiracy theories surrounding his death persist.
Bose was a passionate and charismatic leader who inspired many Indians to fight for their freedom. He will always be remembered as one of the greatest patriots and freedom fighters in Indian history.
The next freedom fighter of India on our list is Sarojini Naidu, also known as the Nightingale of India. She was not just a freedom fighter but an amazing poet also. She was born in Hyderabad on February 13, 1879. Her father, Aghorenath Chattopadhyay, was a scientist, educator, and philosopher, whereas her mother, Barada Sundari Devi, was a poet. Sarojini had a keen interest in literature and writing from a young age. She did not go to any school for her early education and was homeschooled by her parents with a quality education.
Her role in India's struggle for freedom was very important as she used her charisma and eloquence to encourage people and make them aware of why there is a need to fight for the freedom of their country together. She was a member of the Indian National Congress, where many leaders used to appraise her work. She was a very eloquent and powerful speaker. She used this quality to encourage people all over India to unite and fight for their freedom. She also faced imprisonment several times like our other freedom fighters, as she was also a part of the Non-Cooperation Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement.
As she was a renowned poetess, some of her works got published too, which includes "The Golden Threshold", "The Bird of Time", and "The Broken Wings". We can see the immense love of Naidu for her country in her poetry. Her poetry often portrayed her deep concern for the bad condition of people in the nation.
She is known as "The Nightingale of India" for her contributions to India's independence struggle and her literary achievements. She also became the first woman president of the Indian National Congress in 1925. Her achievements continued further, and later in 1947, she was appointed governor of the United Provinces, present-day Uttar Pradesh.
Sadly, Sarojini Naidu's health started deteriorating in the later years of her life, and she passed away on March 2, 1949, at 70. Her death was a great loss to India, as she had dedicated her entire life to the cause of Indian independence and had left an indelible mark on the country's cultural and political landscape.
Rajendra Prasad was affectionately known as Rajan Babu and was a key figure in India's Independence Movement. We should know that he was also the first President of Independent India. He was from Bihar and was born in Zeradei, which is in Bihar. He was born on December 3, 1884. His father was Mahadev Sahai, and his mother was Kamleshwari Devi.
Prasad's father was a Sanskrit scholar, and he taught Sanskrit to his son, also. Prasad later went to Calcutta for further education and was admitted to the Presidency College of Calcutta. He earned his MA in Economics from the University of Calcutta. When Prasad completed his studies, he also started practicing as a lawyer at Calcutta High Court.
He actively participated in the movement for India's Independence and became a prominent member of the Indian National Congress. He also participated actively in many events like Salt Satyagraha and Quit India Movement. He, too, got arrested several times for his activism.
India became a republic in 1950, and Rajendra Prasad was elected the first president of independent India. He got the opportunity to serve the country as a President for two terms, i.e., from 1950 to 1962. He was known for his simplicity, honesty, and dedication to the welfare of the people.
When Prasad took retirement from politics, he returned to his village in Bihar and devoted himself to social work, education, and writing. Sadly, he passed away on February 28, 1963, at 78, due to a heart attack.
Rajendra Prasad was a man of great integrity and a true patriot. His contributions to the Indian independence movement and his leadership as the first President of independent India will always be remembered and celebrated.
It would be unfair if we talked about the freedom fighters of India and did not include the name of Bhagat Singh. Bhagat Singh was a great freedom fighter and a revolutionary. Bhagat Singh was born in the year 1907 in the province of Punjab. Not just Bhagat Singh but his father and mother were also involved in the struggle for the independence of India. His father's name was Kishan Singh, whereas his mother was Vidyavati.
Bhagat Singh was a well-educated person and studied at National College, which was in Lahore. The nationalist ideas of Mahatma Gandhi inspired him so much. Therefore, he, too, joined the Indian National Congress when he was just a teenager. But, even though Mahatma Gandhi's ideas influenced him, his approach to making India an independent country was very different from that of Gandhi.
Bhagat Singh used to believe that independence could only be achieved through violence, and therefore he carried out several attacks against British officials. He fought very bravely against British colonial rule. His involvement in the Lahore Conspiracy case led him and his comrades to face a death sentence.
Bhagat Singh's role in the Indian independence movement was crucial. He was a true martyr who sacrificed his life for the nation's sake. His actions inspired many people, and his death galvanized the Indian freedom struggle.
Bhagat Singh was hanged by the British authorities on March 23, 1931, at the age of 23. He faced his death bravely, smiling and chanting revolutionary slogans until his last breath. Bhagat Singh's sacrifice and fight for India's freedom will be pivotal in India's history.
Chandra Shekhar Azad, popularly known as Azad, was an Indian revolutionary who played an important role in India's struggle for independence. He was born on July 23, 1906, in Bhavra, a small village in present-day Madhya Pradesh. His parents were Sitaram Tiwari and Jagrani Devi. Azad's father was a farmer, and his mother was a housewife.
From a young age, Azad was deeply influenced by the nationalist movements and the struggle for India's freedom. He was a brilliant student and completed his education in Sanskrit and Persian at Kashi Vidyapeeth in Varanasi. However, he left his studies midway to join the revolutionary movement.
Azad became an active member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), which aimed to overthrow British rule in India. He was known for his sharp mind and quick reflexes. He played a key role in several revolutionary activities, including the Kakori Train Robbery and the shooting of British officer JP Saunders in Lahore.
Azad was known for his fierce determination and uncompromising attitude toward the British rulers. He was always on the run, and the British authorities launched an extensive chase to capture him. However, he remained elusive and managed to evade capture for several years.
On February 27, 1931, Azad was surrounded by British police in Alfred Park, Allahabad. Rather than surrendering, he fought bravely and died by suicide, firing his last bullet into his head. He was just 24 years old at the time of his death.
Chandra Shekhar Azad's legacy symbolizes resistance and courage in India's struggle for independence. His stories even inspire many young people in India today who continue to fight for justice and equality in a free
Sardar Udham Singh was born on December 26, 1899, in a small village called Sunam in Punjab, India. His parents were peasants, and his father's name was Tahal Singh. He lost his parents at a young age and was brought up by his elder brother.
Despite the lack of formal education, Sardar Udham Singh was keenly interested in reading and learning about the world around him. He was deeply influenced by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919 and vowed to seek revenge for the atrocities committed against his people.
Sardar Udham Singh played an active role in the Indian freedom struggle and was associated with revolutionary groups such as the Ghadar Party and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. He went to the United States in 1920 and was involved in spreading awareness about the Indian freedom struggle among the Indian diaspora.
Sir Michael O'Dwyer, the former Lieutenant Governor of Punjab, who was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, was assassinated by Sardar Udham Singh on March 13, 1940. Because of this, Sardar Udham Singh was captured and sentenced to death by the court. He was hanged on July 31, 1940, at Pentonville Prison in London.
Sardar Udham Singh's legacy lives on to this day as a symbol of resistance and courage against colonial oppression. His sacrifice and dedication to the cause of Indian independence continue to inspire people across the country.
Alluri Sitarama Raju was a revolutionary freedom fighter from India who fought against British colonial rule. He was born on July 4, 1897, in a small village called Pandrangi in Andhra Pradesh. His father, Venkata Rama Raju, was a farmer, and his mother, Suryanarayanamma, was a housewife.
Alluri Sitarama Raju did not attend any school or college for his education. His father and the elders of his village were the ones by whom he was taught. He, too, was very influenced by the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi and the non-cooperation movement. But later, he became disillusioned with the non-violent approach and turned to armed resistance.
Raju played a key role in the Rampa Rebellion, also known as the 'Rampa Chodavaram Rebellion', a tribal uprising against the British in the Visakhapatnam Agency area. He formed a guerrilla army of tribals and fought against the British, attacking police stations, cutting telegraph wires, and disrupting the administration.
Alluri Sitarama Raju became a folk hero in Andhra Pradesh for his brave and daring acts. He was known for his fearless and uncompromising attitude toward the British. However, his rebellion was short-lived, and the British eventually captured and killed him on May 7, 1924.
Alluri Sitarama Raju remains an important figure in the Indian independence movement and is remembered for his bravery and sacrifice. He symbolizes the resistance against British Colonialism in India, and his legacy inspires people to fight for their rights and freedom.
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was a political and spiritual leader from the North-West Frontier Province of India, now known as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. He was born on February 6, 1890, in the village of Utmanzai in the Charsadda district, North-West Frontier Province, British India. His father, Bahram Khan, was a landowner and a chief in the Afridi tribe, while his mother, Roshanai, was a housewife.
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan received his early education in a mosque and then studied at Aligarh Muslim University. Mahatma Gandhi's non-violent movement inspired him, and he became a close ally of the Indian National Congress during the Indian Independence movement. He founded the Khudai Khidmatgar ("Servants of God") movement, a non-violent resistance movement against the British Empire.
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was known as the "Frontier Gandhi" due to his close association with Mahatma Gandhi and his non-violent philosophy. He played a key role in the Indian independence movement and was imprisoned by the British multiple times. He spent more than 30 years in jail in India and Pakistan.
After India's independence in 1947, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan became an important figure in the politics of Pakistan. He strongly advocated Pashtun autonomy and opposed the country's integration with India. In 1962, he founded the National Awami Party, a major political force in Pakistan.
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan died on January 20, 1988, in Peshawar, Pakistan, at 97. Thousands of people attended his funeral, and he was buried in his family's graveyard in Jalalabad, Afghanistan. Despite facing numerous hardships and imprisonment, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan never lost his faith in non-violent resistance and remained committed to the cause of freedom and social justice until his last breath.
Annie Besant was a remarkable woman born in London, England, on October 1, 1847. Her father, William Wood, was a doctor, and her mother, Emily Morris, was a devout Anglican. Annie grew up in a family that valued education and was sent to a boarding school in London. Unfortunately, her education was cut short when her father died because of some uncertain issues.
Annie Besant was a prolific writer, orator, and social reformer. She fought throughout her life for the rights of oppressed people and women. It would not be wrong to say that she was a champion of women's suffrage, working for Indian independence and workers' rights. She was also very spiritual, which led him to be a leader in a society named Theosophical, whose objective was to unite all religions.
Annie Besant had a keen interest in India from the start, and her interest led her to come to India in the year 1893. After her arrival, she started working as a social reformer in India. She was one of them who criticized British rule in India. She worked really hard to promote Indian independence. She was also a supporter of the Indian National Congress and worked with many great leaders there, like Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Mahatma Gandhi.
Annie Besant continued her work in India until her death on September 20, 1933, in Adyar, Chennai. She suffered a fatal bout of influenza, and because of her old age and other health problems, it got worse over time. She was mourned by people worldwide for her tireless work on behalf of social justice and her unwavering commitment to the cause of Indian independence.
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