The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is an Indian political party that promotes pro-Hindu idealogy. The BJP is a by-product of Bharatiya Jana Sangh. The Bharatiya Jana Sangh (established in 1951) was an organization that fought for the reconstruction of India in conformity with Hindu culture. Bharatiya Janata Party got its present-day form in the year 1980. It won its first substantial election victory in 1989, despite a reaction in 1992 following the Babri Masjid's demolition in Ayodhya. The BJP formed a short-lived administration in 1996. With Atal Bihari Vajpayee as Prime Minister, the party and its allies secured a majority government two years later. In 1998, Vajpayee was re-elected Prime Minister as the leader of a coalition comprising the BJP and other parties. Vajpayee resigned from the government when the NDA was defeated in legislative elections in 2004. BJP has been in power since 2014 under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
The Congress Party is the common name for the Indian National Congress. It is one of the world's oldest political parties. It was established in 1885. After independence, it played a significant role in Indian politics at national and state levels. Under Nehru's leadership, the party attempted to establish a contemporary secular democratic republic in India. It ruled until 1977, again from 1980 to 1989, although its popularity declined eventually. The party is pro-secularism and aims to welfare marginalized groups and minorities. It is a humane supporter of new economic changes. In the 2004 elections, it emerged as the single largest party with 145 seats, and it now serves as the center's opposition.
Mamata Banerjee launched the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC) on January 1, 1998. Banerjee, who had been a member of the Congress party for over 26 years, created her party in West Bengal and was given the unique emblem of the party, the 'Jora ghas phul.' During the 2011 Assembly elections in West Bengal, the TMC's 'Ma Mati Manush' slogan, which translates as 'Mother, Motherland, and People' given by Mamata Banerjee, became extremely popular. In West Bengal's 2016 Assembly election, people handed the Trinamool Congress a second opportunity with a large mandate. The TMC's success in traditional left-wing strongholds rendered the Left Front almost irrelevant in state politics.
Kanshi Ram formed the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) in 1984. Its electoral emblem is an elephant. It aspires to represent the Bahujan Samaj, which comprises oppressed classes and minorities. It propagates the BR Ambedkar's beliefs and teachings and takes inspiration from them. The BSP speaks out against the 'Manuwadi' social structure, which is practiced by higher-caste Hindus, particularly Brahmins, and the top crust of society. Its headquarter is in Uttar Pradesh, with a significant presence in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, Delhi, and Punjab. Mayawati succeeded Kanshi Ram and got elected as Uttar Pradesh's chief minister and formed a cabinet.
The Communist Party of India (CPI) is an Indian national political party. CPI was formed in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, in late 1925. Its headquarter is in New Delhi. The CPI's main aim was to develop a movement that blended militant anti-imperialist patriotism with internationalism, similar to Gandhi Ji's and the Indian National Congress's nonviolent civil disobedience (satyagraha) campaigns. Manabendra Nath Roy presented a manifesto in Tashkent (now Uzbekistan) in 1920, forming a communist party in India. After India's independence in 1947, the CPI gained support and followers rapidly.
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPIM, is India's most well-known national political party. It is a political party based on the left ideology with a communist philosophy. The communist philosophy was written by Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin that promoted social justice, equality, and a stateless and classless society. CPIM claims to be an Indian working-class political party fighting for the rights of workers, peasants, and others. The Communist Party of India (CPI) split up in 1964, and its members founded the CPIM. As part of communist party coalitions, the CPIM established a significant presence in West Bengal, Tripura, and Kerala.
The Nationalist Congress Party was formed in the year 1999. A split in the congress party became the ground for the formation of NCP. The party advocates the core values like democracy, equality, social justice, and federalism. The NCP thinks that empowering society's weakest members is essential. It is keen on enacting a law requiring only natural-born Indian citizens to key positions. In Maharashtra, it has been a ruling party in coalitions. Maharashtra was the state where the NCP achieved the most electoral victories. It came in third place in the first election it contested in Maharashtra.
AIADMK is India's Tamil Nadu-based regional political party. The AIADMK is centered on the idea of safeguarding the Tamil people's interests in India and Sri Lanka. It was founded in 1972 by MGR, a south Indian superstar who left the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). MGR, president of the AIADMK, was elected as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu in 1977 and served for ten years, gaining the hearts and minds of the people. Later, the party's supremo, Jayalalithaa, took over the reins and helped it grow into a significant power in the state.
Janata Dal (United) is a regional political party in Bihar and Jharkhand. Janata Dal (United) results from the split of The Janata Party, formed by Jayaprakash Narayan. In 1999, the Janata Dal split. One division from the party gave birth to Janata dal (united). The JD (U) now has a strong presence in Bihar, particularly which its leader, Nitish Kumar, is the current Chief Minister. The major opponent of Janata Dal is RJD in Bihar. In the states of Bihar and Jharkhand, where caste is profoundly ingrained, the JD (U) has begun caste-ridden politics.
Lalu Prasad Yadav founded the Rashtriya Janata Dal in 1997. Ex-Janata Dal President Lalu Prasad Yadav was removed from the party because of the corruption charges in Bihar. The RJD's core base is in Bihar, but it has grown in importance in the northeastern states of Manipur and Nagaland. Following in the footsteps of Jay Prakash Narayan, popularly known as Loknayak, a social revolutionary and modern thinker, the RJD has said that it would operate on the principles of social justice, social equality, and Secularism. Years of RJD's misrule in Bihar and corruption charges against Lalu Yadav have damaged the party's traditional support base.
The Shiromani Akali Dal, or Akali Dal, is a regional political party in India. The state of Punjab is its primary land of action, and the majority support base is also Punjab. The Akali Dal is a far-right political party and supports a Sikhism-based political ideology. In other words, the Shiromani Akali Dal's main claim to fame is that it caters to the needs of Sikhs in Punjab and across the world. The Shiromani Akali Dal was a component of the Indian independence struggle from the mid-1920s, and its members took part in rallies and civil disobedience activities. Shiromani Akali Dal's principal aim was to promote and preserve the rights of the Sikh minority, notwithstanding its commitment to the larger goals of Indian independence from Britain.
The Samajwadi Party (SP) is an Indian regional political party. The Samajwadi Party advocates for the economic and social advancement of minorities, particularly the Other Backward Classes (OBCs) and Muslims. The party is likewise based on Secularism's guiding principles, and it opposes all communal groups. The Samajwadi Party was founded in Lucknow in October 1992 by senior politician and party founder Mulayam Singh Yadav; it was one of many political groups that broke away from the parent organization Janata Dal. The Samajwadi party gets its majority of supporters from Uttar Pradesh. The SP is India's one of the most powerful parties who has made the government in Uttar Pradesh 3 times. It also retained a modest but significant number of Lok Sabha seats.
The Lok Janshakti Party is an Indian regional political party with a strong influence in Bihar. Its supporters are mostly from the state's so-called lower-caste and Dalit populations. Ram Vilas Paswan created the party in 2000 after a rift in the Janata Dal (United), or JD(U), party. The LJP has primarily concentrated on improving the welfare of lower-caste Hindus, particularly Dalits and Muslim populations in Bihar and neighboring states. Paswan's party claims to be fighting for minorities' rights and advantages in Bihar and Jharkhand. The LJP supports the rights of minorities in sectors like education, employment, agriculture, and other welfare programs through its policies and initiatives for Dalits. The LJP, like many other Indian regional parties, has been ruled by a single family from its inception. Ram Vilas Paswan was the party's founder and long-serving president. His son, Chirag Paswan, was also important, serving as the head of the LJP's legislative board.
The Nationalist Congress Party was formed in the year 1999. A split in the congress party became the ground for the formation of NCP. The party advocates the core values like democracy, equality, social justice, and federalism. The NCP thinks that empowering society's weakest members is essential. It is keen on enacting a law requiring only natural-born Indian citizens to key positions. In Maharashtra, it has been a ruling party in coalitions. Maharashtra was the state where the NCP achieved the most electoral victories. It came in third place in the first election it contested in Maharashtra.
India has an incredible history, and all the Indian states have their own heritage. Some of the best rulers of history have ruled in India, especially in Maharashtra. Maharashtra has a history of the rule of Mughals and Marathas, who had large regions under their control. During the period of their rule, they have built some of the magnificent arts, architecture, and forts. There are many renowned forts in Maharashtra built by different rulers; however, most of these were built under the reign of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. The forts of Maharashtra are architectural marvels with a profound history that describes the life of people during the time of the establishment of these forts. Forts in Maharashtra are worth visiting if you are planning to visit Maharashtra to explore the best in the state. We have listed below some of the popular Forts of Maharashtra that you might consider visiting.
The definition of a city in Australia varies between the states. State capital cities may include multiple local government areas (LGAs) within their boundaries and these LGAs may be cities in their own right. Cities listed below are those as defined by the states in which they are located. Also included are former cities that have lost city status due to LGA amalgamations or other factors.
The Plasma membrane, which is also known as Cell Membrane, demarcates between the outer part and inner part of the cell, and it is a membrane found in all living beings' cells. The structure and components' division of Plasma Membrane is different for plant cells and animal cells, and a point to be noted here is that the structure and components of Plasma Membrane are different for different types of animal cells as well. In the exterior parts of plant cells, one can find a cell wall before the Plasma Membrane if talked about plant cells. And, Lipid molecules are observed before the Plasma Membrane if talking about the Bacterial Cell's Case. This layer of lipid molecules is also observed before the Plasma Membrane in many other animal cells, and it is a semipermeable layer. This layer is very important from the view of the Plasma Membrane as it is responsible for the transportation as well as regulations of materials inside the Plasma Membrane. Other than this, Plasma Membrane is also very important as it controls the in and out movement of the molecules inside a living cell, both large and small cells. All these materials found in Plasma Membrane made it composed of different types of constituents. This article talks about all general constituents of Plasma Membrane but before understanding all these constituents, let's have a look at the Fluid Mosaic Model of Plasma Membrane.
Fluid Mosaic Model
A new model of the plasma membrane was suggested by S.J. Singer and Garth L. Nicolson in the year 1972, which explained the plasma membrane's functions and microscopic examinations in a much better way than the previously proposed theories, and this theory is named the "fluid mosaic model ". With time, the model has evolved a little bit, and even so, it best describes the functions and structure of the plasma membrane as one now understands them. According to the fluid mosaic model, the plasma membrane is constituted of multiple components, such as phospholipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol, which flow and change the site whilst keeping up the membrane's elementary integrity. Embedded proteins and phospholipid molecules move sideward to the membrane, and the fluidity of the plasma membrane is essential for the transport of the molecules and actions of the enzymes inside the cell.
Plasma membrane thickness is about 5- 10 nm. Human red blood cells, viewable through light microscopy, are nearly 8?m thick, or roughly 1,000 times thicker in comparison with a plasma membrane.
The components of plasma membranes are as follows:
In contemporary India, Punjabi songs dominate the music industry. Now, Bollywood is also including Punjabi songs in their film. Punjabi songs receive a massive amount of youtube views, and their songs dominate at the party and on people's playlists. The popularity of Punjabi songs has risen multifold times in India, and they are doing great business. Some popular Punjabi singers are Guru Randhawa, Diljit Dosanjh, Sidhu Moose Wala, Jaasy Gill, Gippy Grewal, Yo Yo Honey Singh, Hardy Sandhu, Jass Manak, and many others.
Undoubtedly, you must have heard stories about how India got independence and its struggle to achieve it. Let's get into it more. India was under the rule of the Britishers for almost 200 years, and there is no doubt that the period of those 200 years was a very tough time for the people of India. Despite the number of challenges and hardships, Indians never gave up and fought bravely for freedom, thus giving emergence to many freedom fighters.
The freedom fighters, whom we will discuss one by one in this article, are the people who chose to stand against the British Empire to fight with them for the freedom of India. These freedom fighters were the real heroes who fought with all that they had just to set India free from the rule of the Britishers. They devoted their whole life and even sacrificed their lives to make India an independent country.
In this article, we will learn about some of the most prominent freedom fighters of India who were active from 1857 to 1947. We must remember their efforts and contributions, as they are the ones who played a very significant role in shaping the history of India. So, let's dive in and discuss these brave individuals who fought for India's freedom:
For those with prediabetes, diabetes, or other blood sugar issues, diet is a key part of keeping their blood sugar levels in check. Other factors, including body weight, activity, stress, and genetics, play a role in blood sugar regulation.
While some foods, such as those high in added sugar and refined carbs, might cause blood sugar variations, others can help you maintain blood sugar management while enhancing overall health.
There are many different types of eye diseases and problems. Some of the most prevalent causes of eye disorders include infection, allergies, vitamin inadequacy, chemical irritants, genetics, and smoking.
Saree is the favorite dress of Indian women. Some women wear saree every day, whereas some wear them at special events. Women in India prefer to wear saree at weddings. There are many types of sarees in India, and the most famous among them are described below.
