Water makes up 45-75% of our body and is required for the smooth functioning of our body. Water involves several body processes and helps to manage our temperature. Blood and different body fluids are mainly composed of water, which are required to maintain nutrients in our internal system and around cells. It is advised to drink 8-10 cups of water every day to fulfil our body's water requirements.
Carbohydrates are found in many food ingredients. Carbohydrates are created by atoms, including carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. They are a main source of energy for body cells. When we eat carbohydrate-rich food items, it easily gets digested and easily breaks down to release energy within the different cells of our body.
Carbohydrates break into glucose molecules, which are released into the bloodstream. The excess amounts of glucose molecules get stored in the liver.
Carbohydrates have many varieties of sugar units, including:
Monosaccharides (aldohexose and fructose)
Disaccharides (saccharose and lactose)
Oligosaccharides
Polysaccharides units (starch, glycogen, and cellulose).
Carbohydrate compounds:
Sugars: A simple structure made up of glucose molecules. It easily gets dissolved in water.
Starch: Complex in structure, less sweet compared to sugars.
Fibre: Fibers have a complex structure and take time to break down.
Fats substances are made up of ester of fatty acids. Fats are generally obtained from plant and animal sources. Fats with high energy give more calories and also take more time to digest.
Fats are the source for composing and maintenance of regular cell membranes of the body. They are also needed for maintaining the health of skin and hair. The fatty acid that the body cannot manufacture and have to get from a proper diet are called essential fatty acids. For example, Alpha-linolenic acid (Omega -3 fatty acids).
